Horror Movies We Are What We Are

When marketing a horror movie, it is essential to take into account a number of peculiarities of this genre. Horror movies have specific audience and tend to explore certain topics. As far as Jim Mickle’s â€Å"We are what we are† is concerned, it requires special attention. First of all, this horror movie is a remake of the Mexican movie called â€Å"Somos lo que hay†.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Horror Movies: We Are What We Are specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, Mickle did not intend to simply translate the movie into the English-speaking reality, but he retold the story from a totally different angle (Olsen 2013). Thus, Mickle’s family consists of parents and three children (two daughters and a son). Notably, the protagonist’s wife dies which is one of the first major surprises for those who have seen the Mexican movie (McDonagh 2013). There are lots of o ther surprises which make the viewer understand that the American version is a totally different story. Therefore, while marketing Mickle’s movie, it is possible to focus on such aspects as peculiarities of remakes, sequels and prequels, the movie’s audience, religion and traditions, and feminism in horror films. These aspects will draw the potential viewers’ attention and they will bring people to the cinema. In the first place, it is important to focus on such aspects as remakes, sequels and prequels. Mickle stresses that his film is a brand new story with some remains of the original story (Turek 2013). It is crucial to make the potential viewers aware of the fact that the movie is based on Jorge Michel Grau’s â€Å"Somos lo que hay†. Firstly, it will attract attention of those who watched the Mexican movie. They are likely to wish to see the American version of the film they appreciated. Admittedly, it is always interesting to view the story fr om different perspectives. Of course, it is necessary to stress the fact that the story is shown from a different angle to foster those viewers’ interest. Secondly, the reference to the Mexican movie can also attract those who have not seen the original. The marketers should make this group of potential viewers aware of the fact that the Mexican film is a success and has attracted a lot of attention worldwide. Furthermore, it can also be fruitful to mention that the filmmakers are considering the possibility to work on the prequel and sequel. Kohn (2013) notes that Grau is already working on the sequel. The very existence of a sequel and/or prequel is often seen as a proof of high quality.Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If the filmmakers are interested in exploring the past and the future of the main characters of the story, it means the story is rich and a varie ty of angles to look at. Admittedly, people eagerly watch movies which are regarded as successful and high-quality products. Therefore, the marketers should pay special attention to this aspect. Apart from this, the marketers should not forget about the movie’s genre. It is a horror story set in an ordinary American town. There are no monsters or aliens but it is a horror story that creates the necessary tension. The marketers should also point out that the remake is based on an Indie horror film. Erbland (2012) claims that Mickle translates the Indie story into a movie with a wider audience. People are often attracted by Indie films which become a topic of a heated debate. Indie films are often seen as a product for a group of the chosen who can understand the message and appreciate the movie. â€Å"We are what we are† is a good chance to become a part of the group of chosen and the marketers can also use this aspect in their strategies. Nevertheless, though the genre of the movie has already been identified as a horror movie, it is possible to state that â€Å"We are what we are† refers to another subgenre. The story is not a pack of horrific situations and monsters killing people. The story explores a variety of psychological and spiritual issues. The family has certain traditions and they are trying to preserve them as well as fit in the society. There is a constant struggle within the main characters who try to come to terms with themselves and people around them. Apart from pure psychology, the movie is grounded on spiritual aspect of human life. Catholicism as well as devotion to the family is central to the film in question. Hence, it is possible to note that the work in question is a psychological and spiritual horror movie. The marketers should pay certain attention to this as people are always interested in new genres and new aspects of something they know well. These three aspects do not only help to market the movie, but also provide a valuable insight on potential audience of the movie. As has been mentioned above, fans of (or just people who have seen) the Mexican original can be a part of the audience. People interested in Indie movies and their remakes can also be a part of the audience.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Horror Movies: We Are What We Are specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the major part of the movie’s audience will include people who like horror films and suspense. At present, horror films are popular and they have already become a part of the contemporary culture (Teusner 2005). Therefore, while marketing the movie, it is necessary to focus on this group of viewers. Admittedly, to attract people’s attention to any film, marketers have to mention certain issues explored in the film, if any. When it comes to the movie in question, it addresses a number of serious issues which are now in the spotlight. For instance, one of the major themes in the movie is religion and adherence to traditions. It is important to highlight this aspect of the film. Thus, Teusner (2005) claims that horror movies have always referred to religious beliefs and tried to explore a variety of religious issues. The family in the film is a group of devout Catholics. At the same time, they cannot be regarded as righteous people. Thus, Mickle explores the gap between religion and the contemporary world, i.e. religious values and individuals’ actions. Clearly, this topic appeals to lots of people and discussion of these issues is likely to attract potential viewers’ attention to the film. Furthermore, the topic of traditions is also transparent in the film. The members of the family do not simply want to commit certain crimes due to their sinful nature, but they follow certain tradition which has existed in the family for generations. The filmmakers try to explore the extent to whic h it is acceptable to keep family traditions. Mickle shows that some families can have peculiar traditions which make them totally different from the rest of the world. The founding father of the family started the tradition and the contemporary members of the family do not think they have the right to stop it. They believe they are doing the right thing and are not going to change their ways as it is impossible to change own nature. Notably, people living in the modern globalized world are often preoccupied with preservation of their identity (ethnical, religious, etc.). Thus, the movie is also a reflection of the modern society and different groups within it. This aspect can also be used to market the movie.Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Admittedly, one of the major themes in the movie is cannibalism. Mickle tells a story about a family of cannibals. Of course, this is a horror story, but the filmmakers do not create monsters eating human flesh. The Parkers are seemingly an ordinary American family. Again, the film refers to the ongoing discussion of the issue. Notably, some people are trying to justify cannibalism or at least find the justification. For instance, Wisnewski (2007) provides a philosophical analysis of the problem. The author also mentions the Kuru disorder and tries to reveal positive aspects of cannibalism. Importantly, Mickle makes the horror story as real as possible and the Kuru disorder is also mentioned in the film. The film can be regarded as another illustration of the discourse. This realistic presentation of the horror story can also attract people’s attention. Finally, the marketers of the movie can also resort to the feminist approach. As has been mentioned above, Mickle’s s tory is totally different from the Mexican original and in the American version females (the mother and the daughters) are central characters. Brewer (2009) notes that the contemporary culture (movies are a part of the culture) is characterized by feminist approach to different aspects of human life. It is also important to mention that Mickle brings to the fore female’s attempts to remain on good terms with themselves and the world. Apart from the discussion of the themes revealed in the movie, it is also essential to mention the filmmakers and their expertise. Of course, the marketers should refer to Mickle’s previous works (â€Å"Stake Lane† and â€Å"Mulberry Street†) which are very successful. Thus, Mickle is now regarded as one of the most successful horror film directors (Tallerico 2013). He manages to create the necessary tension and the stories he tells are full of suspense. Duhamel (2013) stresses that Mickle creates a number of symbols to explo re the issues related to cannibalism. The story told by Mickle is a combination of a children’s tale about Ogres, children’s nightmares, and discussion of family values (Duhamel 2013). The director brings a horror movie to a new level which is more complete and sophisticated. Clearly, people are now seeking for new experiences and they strive to see new techniques in their favorite genres. The cast is also worth mentioning as critics praise the performance and state it is really exceptional. For instance, Duhamel (2013) praises performance of the two leading actresses, Julia Garner and Ambyr Chiders. The young actresses manage to reveal the doom of the family. The girls’ appearance and their ‘reluctant’ moves create a really tensed atmosphere of doom and devotion to the family (Duhamel 2013). Bill Sage, Wyatt Russell and Michael Parks reveal the strong male world where each of them is trying to pursue their goals in their search for self-identity, j ustice and happiness. The marketers should stress the exceptional performance of the cast as some viewers (who are not horror movie fans) have certain prejudice and they do not want to watch some horror films as they believe these works are characterized by poor performance. One of the advantages of the movie in question is the great performance, so the marketers should stress this. It is noteworthy that there is a lot of information on the film available in media. In the first place, the film was premiered at Sundance Festival and it was praised by critics. It was also shown at Cannes Festival where it was also warmly accepted. Admittedly, these two movie festivals are influential and positive reviews from critics can be seen as certain evidence of the movie’s high-quality. The marketers should stress the movie’s success at the two festivals. Favorable attitude of critics is one of the reasons to watch a movie. It is widely known that people tend to rely on criticsâ⠂¬â„¢ reviews. Therefore, the marketers should refer to numerous favorable reviews available online. More so, the very abundance of the information is a sign of the movie’s value. If people keep talking about a film, it means the film is worth seeing and viewers should understand that Mickle’s movie has been discussed for months. It can be useful to refer to some peculiarities of the movie’s production. Thus, Mickle’s struggle with the ‘bad’ weather can foster people’s interest to the film. The director tends to stress that the major symbol and even the ‘character’ of the film is rain (Tallerico 2013). Mickle claims that the story is set in the middle of a natural disaster, i.e. heavy rains, storms and flood. The place was chosen with specific deliberation, but they did not have rain. The way the director created the ‘natural disaster’ and the atmosphere of certain rainy doom is worth specific attention. This curious detail can draw a lot of attention to the film as well. In conclusion, it is possible to note that â€Å"We are what we are† is a horror movie which is rather easy to market. The film has already attracted a lot of attention and there is a lot of information in a variety of film magazines. While marketing the movie, it is possible to focus on numerous aspects of the film. First, it is essential to mention the original Mexican version. The marketers should also pay special attention to the movie’s genre which is different from a mere horror movie as it is full of psychology and spirituality. It is crucial to make the potential viewers aware of the upcoming sequels and prequels. Besides, the marketers can refer to the major themes in the film. Such themes as religion, traditions, cannibalism and feminism have been topics of quite heated debate recently. Finally, it is also important to mention the cast’s performance which has been praised by many critics. Al these aspects are likely to attract potential viewers’ attention. Notably, the audience of the movie is really wide as it can include horror movie fans, psychological thrillers fans and those who are interested in exploring the issues revealed in the film. Reference List Brewer, C 2009, The stereotypic portrayal of women in slasher films: then versus now, Thesis, Louisiana State University, http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-04092009-105427/unrestricted/Brewer_thesis.pdf.pdf. Duhamel, MP 2013, Cannes 2013. â€Å"Did you eat my daughter?†: Jim Mickle’s †We are what we are†, http://mubi.com/notebook/posts/cannes-2013-did-you-eat-my-daughter-jim-mickles-we-are-what-we-are. Erbland, K 2012, ‘†We are what we are† getting an American remake from Jim Mickle and Nick Damici’, Film School Rejects, 9 February, http://www.filmschoolrejects.com/news/we-are-what-we-remake-kerbl.php. Kohn, E 2013, ‘†We are what we areâ₠¬  director Jim Mickle and Jorge Michel Grau discuss remakes, sequels and why their movies aren’t really about cannibals’, Indiewire, 31 May, http://www.indiewire.com/article/we-are-what-we-are-director-jim-mickle-and-jorge-michel-grau-discuss-remakes-sequels-and-why-their-movies-arent-really-about-cannibals. McDonagh, M 2013, ‘American gothic: Jim Mickle’s â€Å"We are what we are† reimagines 2010 Mexican horror hit’, Film Journal, 20 September, http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/features/movies/e3i83b04e8f9e68d245cc221d51c757e9ea. Olsen, M 2013, ‘Director Jim Mickle sinks teeth into â€Å"We are what we are† remake’, Los Angeles Times, 21 September, http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/moviesnow/la-et-mn-indie-focus-jim-mickle-we-are-what-we-are-20130922,0,1774882.story. Tallerico, B 2013, Exclusive interview- Jim Mickle explains why †We are what we are†, http://w ww.fearnet.com/news/interview/exclusive-interview-jim-mickle-explains-why-%E2%80%98we-are-what-we-are%E2%80%99. Teusner, P 2005, ‘Resident evil: horror film and the construction of religious identity in contemporary media culture’, Colloquium, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 169-80, http://colloquiumjournal.org/back-issues/Coll37.2/169.180.pdf. Turek, R 2013, ‘Comic-con 2013 interview: Jim Mickle on â€Å"We are what we are,† the prequel sequel’, Shock till You Drop, 25 July, http://www.shocktillyoudrop.com/news/175205-comic-con-2013-interview-jim-mickle-on-we-are-what-we-are-a-its-prequel-sequel. Wisnewski, JJ 2007, ‘Murder, cannibalism, and indirect suicide: a philosophical study of a recent case’, Philosophy in the Contemporary World, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 11-21, http://www.hartwick.edu/Documents/PHILOSWisnewskiMurderandCannibalism.pdf. This research paper on Horror Movies: We Are What We Are was written and submitted by user Rhett E. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Haiti Overpopulation Case Study Essays

Haiti Overpopulation Case Study Essays Haiti Overpopulation Case Study Paper Haiti Overpopulation Case Study Paper A massive proportion of children dont even reach their twelfth birthday with almost 12% dying before this date. This is a result of poor living conditions caused by cramped conditions and overcrowding. As a result there is a lack of food and many children suffer with malnutrition and starvation in many cases. This has resulted in communities making mud cookies and selling them as a last resort. There isnt even a particularly large food shortage it is because people are so poor as they are working for little money as they will take any job opportunities available. Due to high inflation within the country food has been made almost unattainable for the poor therefore the mud cookies have become the alternative as they are cheap and fill you up. Overcrowding has led to having to live and build on any land available. This has meant that the little fertile land Haiti had has been built upon reducing farming and potential crops and export the country could have used. Only about 20% of Waits land is arable yet nearly 20% of Waits population live on this land. This overpopulation is putting great pressure on the countries resources and facilities currently. : Haiti currently only spends $83 a year on its health services and has only 25 doctors and 11 nurses for every 100,000 people, this shows the obvious strain these services are facing. Only 1/4 of births are monitored by at trained specialist resulting in a high infant mortality rate. It is only just coping as it is and the countrys population is expected to double in 50 years at the current growth rate of 2. 5%. 1/3 of their children die before they reach the age of 5. Poor health care infrastructure Only one in every 10,000 Haitian have access to a physician/doctor.

Ethical Issues in International Business Case Study

Ethical Issues in International Business - Case Study Example In a computer-driven age, Keith has not shown the foresight to see that his actions on Facebook could be used against him even though he more than qualifies for the position in Big Company, a multinational organization. When Keith applied for a position in Big Company's financial planning department, he put himself under scrutiny because this company searches social network sites when evaluating prospective employees. The company lost clients when staff members acted inappropriately under the influence of alcohol. Therefore, Keith does not even get an interview with the company based on his image on Facebook. The reason given Keith when he asks why he has not been given an interview is that he lacks sufficient financial planning experience. He is not told the real reason and therefore has no opportunity to redeem himself (Schaffer 2006). Determining the ethical issues raised in this situation is complicated. Keith apparently does not realize how damaging his presence on Facebook has been, and he unfortunately he has no legal recourse to challenge the decision. The cost-benefit analysis places a dollar value on the benefits and ... An individual should not have the power to make a decision without contacting other members of the organization as well as stockholders and Board of Directors. A commitment to human rights has become a major focus in the 21st century, with multinational companies (MNCs) attempting to generate an ethical approach theory inside and outside the organization (Ethical Issues n.d.). Even though so far there are no globally accepted legal or ethical standards for business operations and activities, certain human rights must be considered regardless of cultural standards (Schaffer 2006, 44). According to Schaffer, conomic aspects of globalization must also include social and ethical dimensions(64). There is, therefore, a growing link between social responsibility and profitability, and in MNCs, decisions should not be made based on the understanding of one person. In the case study under discussion, it appears that the HR Director made his own arbitrary decision not to interview Keith. Ethical Issues When two sets of standards exist, it is sometimes unethical to apply the lesser set. International companies are faced with ethical choices that do not exist in a national company in which ethics follow the policy of the country in which it is located. Some third-world companies, for instance, have lower standards than the United States. If the lower standards harm people or environment, it would be unethical for MNCs to use lesser standards. Bad ethical practices are more apparent in today's global economy (Schaffer 2006). Some of the ethical human rights issues arising from internal and industry practices are lack of concern for customers, lack of loyalty to employees, and unfair employment practices (Executive Team n.d.) as well as privacy

Research and Report on Ecotourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research and Report on Ecotourism - Essay Example Promoting interaction with natural environment is an upcoming ecotourism style that attracts more guests. Florida Eco-Safaris promotes the trend through provision of nighttime canopy line tours and horseback horse riding that entertains and educates visitors. Bison Quest, located in Montana also attracts more guests through delivery of interactive experience with bison. Thus, the organization promotes conservation while maintaining intrinsic bison tradition. In addition, ecotourism companies appeal to more people by offering family retreat services. For instance, Deep Creek Lake Tours in Maryland deliver exclusive family eco-friendly holiday and Child guided hikes. Space tourism refers to travelling to the space for leisure determinations. It is a futuristic idea, however, substantial professional work support the activity. A space attraction includes experience of buoyancy and exciting views of the Earth (Kortenkamp 5). Nonetheless, creating successful infrastructure will facilitate the development of the industry. Perhaps, space tourism is an emerging and luxurious travel specialty, which involves use of suborbital flights. Up to date, an alliance of the National Space Society is progressing legislation to modernize the activity. Besides, XCOR Aerospace and Virgin Galactic are working towards establishing space tourism

Identify and discuss the risks of either or both parties Case Study

Identify and discuss the risks of either or both parties - Case Study Example Thus it needs get food products from various overseas suppliers to continue its distribution business. Majority of food products that the company distributes are manufactured by companies which are located in USA. Now the company has developed a new market for spicy chicken noodle soup product which is desirable among Asian customers. Thus to avail this products the company is searching manufactures for this particular product who will be able to add special flavor and aroma to attract the Asian customers. Among many other manufacturers, it has shortlisted two companies, Slick Willie and Gumpbell Soup Company. But the finalization depends on the price quotes and the quality of the product provided by the companies. Gumpbell Soup Company Inc. is a New York based old line food manufacturing company which was founded in 1896. It went public in 1999 and has offered majority of its stock to the public. It has a high reputation among its customers as a renowned international food company t hat manufactures and sells wide ranges of food products across the USA and rest of the world. The company has a very comprehensive operation which includes research and development department for development of new and unique products, production plant and department to control the quality of food products all over the USA. It also has strong domestic and international distribution network to boost its sales. Although it has strong reputation among its customers but still it faces a strong competition from its major competitor Slick Willie’s Foods on the ground of pricing strategy.

Malcolm X Effect: African American Consciousness

Malcolm X Effect: African American Consciousness Change has come to America, were the famous words spoken by Barak Obama, the first African American President. No one in the 1960s would have ever thought that an African American president would be in office nor that an African American would be the highest earning woman in America. Many people tend to credit Martin Luther King (MLK) for such change, however their credit should go to Malcolm X. Malcolm X was an African American leader, orator and is now a cultural icon. During the time when Malcolm was alive, he had a lot of opposition. Mainly all sectors of white society opposed him, even some African Americans, as they felt that he was too radical, and differed to the peaceful measures of MLK. However, more recent historiography of Malcolm X is shifted towards a more biased and positive conception. This could be because it is African Americans who write the majority of the historiography of Malcolm X. Thus, suggesting that Malcolm X is a more popular topic and key figure to their heritage or it could be that White Historians do not want to admit past failures regarding race. This positive conception of Malcolm X is mirrored through the African American populists  [3]  . Magnus O. Basseys, Malcolm X and African American Self-Consciousness argues that Malcolm exposed the terrible psychological consequences of black self-hate and transformed African American self-consciousness by liberating African Americans and by challenging the oppressors longstanding claim of racial superiority  [4]  . The Majority of Revisionist Scholars including James Cone  [5]  support Basseys argument. Although Bruce Perrys  [6]  The life of a Man who changed Black America  [7]  gives a more critical account of Malcolm, by suggesting him to be a psycho historical basket case. This differs to the traditional anti-Malcolm bias, which normally depicts him as a violent man. This essay will examine how Malcolm X articulated the African American consciousness and the ways in which he affected them then and now. Whether a Violent man or psycho basket case, Malcolm certainly impacted the African American consciousness by imprinting it with not only their history, but also their dignity and a sense of new pride. To understand how Malcolm X changed the consciousness of Americans, one needs to understand Malcolm Little. His childhood, including his fathers lessons concerning black pride and self-reliance and his own experiences concerning race, played a significant role in Malcolms adult life  [8]  . Throughout Malcolms life, violence was a major theme. His mother was mixed raced, as a white man raped his grandmother and by the time he was thirteen, his house had been burnt down by the Klu Klux Klan, his father murdered  [9]  , and his mother was in a mental institution. Malcolm was separated from his brothers and sisters and sent to a series of foster homes. He went to numerous schools where he was the only African American in the class. Malcolm was brought up to be prepared to be something that was more suited for an African American  [10]  . He left school early and became involved with hustling and criminal activities. At this time in his life, Malcolm Little, too like other Af rican Americans tried to whiten himself. Malcolm painfully chemically straitened his hair and dated white women. His unlawful ways in New York and Boston ultimately landed him in prison in 1946 for robbery. Whilst in prison, Malcolm became a member of the Nation of Islam. From inside the prison Malcolm wrote letters to Elijah Muhammad, who was the leader of the Nation of Islam (NOI)  [11]  . Through this, Malcolm created his ideology of the white man is the devil. Once he left prison, in 1952, he became one of the Nations leaders and chief spokesmen. Looking back on his life, its clear to see there were many differing Malcolms: Victim, player, prisoner, hater, and anti-racist. As a result, Malcolm X is one of the most misunderstood leaders in history  [12]  . Like many other leaders, there is a turning point that opens the political and social space for a leader to come up through. Malcolms turning point was the Hinton Johnson incident  [13]  in1957. Malcolm proved throu gh this event his power to both white and black Americans. As one white policeman asserted, that is too much power for one man to have. However as Benjamin Goodman asserted, But it was that same power and presence which so impressed and frightened the police that also attracted me and thousands of other so called Negroes to Malcolm  [14]  . Malcolm created white fear and to black Americans, a leader to believe in. This one incident would change the lives of African Americans forever. Louis Lomaxs documentary titled The Hate that Hate Produced, broadcasted in 1959 that forced Malcolm to fame outside his religious circle. Representatives of the print media, radio, and television frequently asked him for comments on racial issues. This newfound status of a celebrity helped Malcolm to use his oration skills and put him into the public sphere for all African Americans to see. Thus Malcolm became the public face of the Nation of Islam for nearly twelve years and travelled across America to articulate African Americans. As Clasby asserts, thats is where his career sparked from. Malcolm attacked Christianity because he argued that religion had brainwashed Black People to accept their subordination to the dominant society. Malcolm claimed that Islam is the natural religion for African Americans  [15]  . However, it seems that in the beginning of Malcolms religious movement, he was trying to find himself and who he was while preaching his ideology of African Americans. Consequently, it was then a political rather then religious journey, as Malcolm preached about black equality and Black Nationalism. Although he did create a religious organization  [16]  . Malcolm left the NOI in March 1964, because he found out Elijah Muhammad had been deceiving him and Nation of Islam  [17]  . He then made a pilgrimage to Mecca. He spent much of the last year of his life in Africa, and the Middle East observing and practising being a Muslim. He met with political leaders and addressed many audiences. Malcolms main political platform was black equality and black supremacy. Many Historians  [18]  suggest that, for many, Malcolm serves as the fountainhead of modern Black Nationalism  [19]  , as he belonged to the Black Nationalism and Pan-Africanism movements. By avoiding white connections, Malcolm was able to articulate the support base mainly in the ghettos, preaching that African Americans should develop their own society. This included supporting community-based enterprises. Malcolm wanted to reject cooperating with European Americans until African Americans could achieve cooperation amongst themselves. Thus Malcolm has been called a black revolutionary. Although, upon his return from Mecca in 1964, Malcolm X abandoned his stance to racial separatism, as he demonstrated by agreeing to cooperate with integrationist civil rights groups. However, he was still in favour of Black Nationalism and advocated that black people in the U.S. be self-reliant  [20]  . Malcolm star ted to realize that he needed to accept and work with other races to get results. As Malcolm stated, In my recent travels into African countries and others, I was impressed by the importance of having a working unity among all peoples, black as well as white  [21]  . In 1964, Malcolm organized the Organization of Afro-American Unity, which was oriented toward freedom and liberation for black people and other repressed groups. However this new political philosophy was not welcomed very warmly by his supporters, and ultimately lead to his assassination on February 21 1965. To this day, his more radical viewpoints impacted African American Consciousness. Davis and Davenport agree, arguing that, exposure to Malcolm may alter feelings of political efficacy, political trust, interest in politics, and racial consciousness  [22]  . Malcolm felt that African Americans should not support the government because supporting the government meant you supported the white supremacy and those that repressed African Americans. Instead, Malcolm proposed Black economic leadership. For instance, black intelligence, black authority, and superiority. In other words, he ultimately understood capitalism to be as great an impediment to African American liberation as racism. As Rabaka argues, Malcolm X knew that it was not necessary for him to define himself as a communist, socialist, or Marxist  [23]  . Therefore, Harper carries much weight when he asserts, It should also be mentioned that the philosophy of Malcolm X was changing until his death  [24]  . This is supported by Rabakas argument asserting that, Malcolm Xs social and political thought, although consistently undergoing a radical process of change and development, as James Cone contended, provides us with a paradigm of the possibilities of an engaged African-cen tered radical politics and social theory a critical theory. Malcolm argued that he spoke the truth, and criticized Martin Luther King for his optimism of Civil Rights. He wanted change in attitudes whereas MLK wanted legislative change. Malcolm did not believe in the white man having any sympathy nor support, therefore he was the alternative side to MLK in the civil rights campaign. Malcolm did not support Martin Luther Kingss peaceful marches as he felt that it was a failure of Negro leadership and that it would never change white consciousness. Malcolm constantly ridiculed leader MLK  [25]  , as he declared that nonviolence was the philosophy of the fool. In response to Martin Luther Kings famous I Have a Dream speech, Malcolm retorted, While King was having a dream, the rest of us Negroes are having a nightmare.  [26]   Malcolm X believed in equality and that African Americans should have their right to defend themselves by any means necessary, if the constitution wouldnt protect them. It doesnt mean that I advocate violence, but at the same time, I am not against using violence in self-defence. I dont call it violence when its self-defence, I call it intelligence.  [27]   As Clasby noted, Resistance needs violence, violence breeds further resistance, and when the tensions within have reached a certain level, some men like Malcolm X, come to prefer victory to survival  [28]  . Thus Malcolms policy on violence gave him aggressive status in the movement, and would later influence the Black Panther Party. Malcolm was in favour of the civil rights movement as he felt it was not just a domestic issue. As Bassey contends, The philosophy was shaped by Noble Drew Alis Moorish-American Science Temple Movement, the Nation of Islam, and Malcolms critical reflection of the events in the World  [29]  . It is important to note what Perry argues that, Malcolm X fathered no legislation. He engineered no stunning Supreme Court victories or political campaigns. He scored no major electoral triumphs. Yet, because of the way in which he articulated his followers grievances and anger, the impact he had upon the body of politics was enormous. He mobilized black Americas dormant rage and put it to work politically  [30]  . Malcolm represented the deep-rooted racial feelings, and said what those were thinking but were too frighten to say. He was initially their voice. He felt their thoughts, their feelings. It is because of him that most African Americans see themselves with such pride today. No longer did they feel alone; they knew they had each other and that they were a collective  [31]  . As Rabaka asserts, he stressed to them that they could make heaven right here on this earth. Herein, perhaps, lies Malcolm Xs greatest contribution to Africana critical thought: his radical commitment to continually recommit himself to end domination and discrimination and bring into being human liberation by any means necessary!  [32]  . Malcolm created fear, and reversed the fear on to the White Supremacists. As Harper asserts, more than any other person Malcolm X was responsible for the new militancy that entered the movement in 1965  [33]  . Malcolm ultimately felt that it was the white man who had emasculated the blacks self-esteem, and took away their individuality. Although Malcolm was able to use this as a liberation tool. Rabaka agrees, arguing that to develop an effective Afro-American liberation movement, Malcolm X argued that African Americans needed to rethink their entire experience in the United States  [34]  . Therefore, they must look back to their heritage in Africa. As Bassey put it, his strategy was to urge black people to make a romantic identification with Africa. The African American consciousness that Malcolm articulated focused on the individuals relationship to the community and the their responsibility to that community, to respect and to defend its members.  [35]  Malcolm X embodied the African Americans through his words, through his preaching and speeches  [36]  . Education was a vital component to the articulation of African Americans. As Malcolm stated, Without education, youre not going anywhere in this world  [37]  . Malcolm wanted to educate African Americans about their history. For Malcolm, an understanding of the historical achievements of black people, as well as the origins and evolution of their oppression in recent centuries, was an essential weapon in the hands of those struggling for their liberation  [38]  . Goodman furthers this argument and suggests that what Malcolm told African Americans was a simple, profound truth; one that blacks needed (and still need) to hear. And no one said it as effectively as Malcolm X  [39]  . Malcolm made African Americans know about their heritage. Cone agrees, and argues that African-Americans who are proud to be black should thank Malcolm for creating the cultural space that lets us claim our African heritage  [40]  . In an Interview discussing his surname, Malcolm explained that during slavery, the Surname denotes that a slave was this persons property. Therfore arguing that he had no idea what his family name was. The only way well get freedom for ourselves is to identify ourselves with every oppressed people in the world. We are blood brothers to the people of Brazil, Venezuela, Haiti Cuba yes Cuba too.  [41]  Thus Malcolm changed his last name to X. Equally, it was the common practice in the NOI Therfore, Malcolm addressed the issue of identity to the extent that black/Negroe Americans should be called/and were African Americans. As Bassey asserted, Malcolm X took up the challenge of African American being, self-consciousness, and self-identity by arguing that blacks in America were African Americans  [42]  . This contrasted to Du Bois double-consciousness theory that described it as an essential part of being a Negro in America. Bassey continues to explain that this double-consciousn ess accepted negative definitions that even impacted how blacks in America viewed their physical selves. This viewpoint can be noticed in our young people today  [43]  as they are proud to be African Americans. Malcolms success in articulating the African American consciousness can be seen today, as many African Americans are proud of whom they are and strive for success. As Clasby stated, Today these people are emerging into history-politically, economically, and, of most importance, spiritually. They represent a new expression of human consciousness  [44]  . Through Malcolms strong belief in the Nation of Islam came this development, which led to the evolution of Malcolms perception of gender roles in our society. The leader has been considered to have more in common with a white man that of an African American women. Dyson agrees, suggesting These slights of black women reflected the demonology of the Nation of Islam, which not only viewed racism as an ill from outside its group, but argued that women were a lethal source of deception and seduction from within  [45]  . Controversially, Perry suggests that Malcolm was not as heterosexual as his Nation of Islam colleagues have always insisted  [46]  . This could therefore suggest why Malcolm saw women in such a negative light. Perry suggests that Malcolms insecurities and ambivalence towards women fit the archetype of a repressed gay man and point to latent homosexuality  [47]  . However, Bassey is more convincing, as she asserts that it was of the Nation of Islam that created these attitudes towards women, not Malcolm. Thus, After Malcolm had broken away from the Nation of Islam, performed the hajj and visited Africa, Malcolm showed even more respect for women  [48]  . Therefore the support of African American Women during the time when Malcolm was alive was not for his view on women itself, but was for his political beliefs. Thus, it was Malcolms ideology that affected their consciousness. It is hardly surprising that African Americans believed in Malcolm Xs ethos on Black Nationalism and equality. His audience would have grown up being discriminated for their colour of the skin. African Americans on a daily basis were exposed to discrimination and violence. During the 1960s, there was a growing dissatisfaction amongst African Americans for equality. When African Americans followed Martin Luther Kings peaceful methods, more violence followed. When Africans Americans tried to protest peacefully, for instance at the Birmingham riots in 1963, they were welcomed by militant policemen. Therefore as their peaceful methods did not work, they turned to Malcolm who provided an answer for a utopian future. It is ironic that originally the media highly opposed Malcolm X when he was alive. It was very easy to dismiss a violent black man, which the media portrayed. Now that he has been dead for 45 years, with the advantage of hindsight, the media now is one of his biggest supporters. For instance, Malcolm X, the 1992 biographical film directed by Spike Lee  [49]  , portrays Malcolm in an extremely positive light. Therefore, this is evidence to support the argument that Malcolm X has not only changed African American Consciousness but also White American Consciousness. With Denzel Washington being nominated for an Academy Award (which is considered as an extremely white conservative Ceremony) for Best Actor for his portrayl of Malcolm X, suggests that times have changed. The knowledge of that the film was critically acclaimed, suggests that people are now more open minded to change and accept the past and can admit doing wrong. Equally, it shows that there is a popular demand for nosta lgia for Malcolm, as their present consciousness is reflected through or sourced from him. Davis and Davenport examined the extent to which the film Malcolm X and its reinforcement in the media influenced political attitudes among African Americans. They found that individuals who saw the film and received reinforcement from a televised documentary became more racially conscious, more concerned about race relations, and more knowledgeable about Malcolm X the man  [50]  . However one can argue that Malcolm has been idealized, and turned into a mythic character. Clasby concurs and noted that, Malcolm was about to go from history to myth  [51]  . The filmic conveyance of Malcolm as a mythical icon is very important as it represents the legacy that African Americans want him to be portrayed as. Persuasively, as Clasby, Painter and Davis and Davenport argued, While each of these retellings invents a new narrative, neither the book nor the film is congruent with the life that Malc olm Little/Malcolm X lived, day by day, between 1925 and 1965  [52]  . Therfore the media is subjective. Thus, attitudinal changes are fundamental re-visions in political and social attitudes created by images in the media  [53]  . Malcolm X not only impacted the African American consciousness but also African consciousness. One key example can be seen in the final scene of Malcolm X, as it takes place in a classroom in Soweto Township in South Africa, with anti-apartheid activist and future South African President Nelson Mandela citing one of Malcolm Xs quotes. As Davis and Davenport asserts, Nelson Mandela, another symbol of race and manhood. The vision-still pan-African-raises hopes for another round of consciousness- rising among black nationalists  [54]  . Equally, with the numerous children of African descent, both in the United States and Africa, declaring, I am Malcolm X, suggests that Malcolms pride of Africa was being echoed. Malcolm gave Africans their confidence to fight, in literal terms, for their rights. Therefore he transformed their ideology for the better. However, it could be argued that his extremist views have had a negative impact in such countries as Zimbabwe, where his influence of v iolence and extreme ideology proves that peace is not possible, and so therefore creating more of a racial divide. Thus, if his voice resonates outside of America he surely must have been an influential man. As a non-black person, I cannot wholly relate to Malcolm X. My ancestors were not slaves, and by that were not deprived their rights in a foreign country. Despite of this, having been born in South Africa during the apartheid era, Malcolm Xs ideology has impacted my conscious. One could argue that he was very manipulative and charismatic, however all the issues he raised were true. All over Africa, civilians were taken from their country, in order to be slaves. They lived in the most unjust manner. This anger throughout the generations of families and centuries of hardship was undoubtedly going to build upà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and the explosion/catalyst was Malcolm X. For instance, Were not Americans, were Africans who happen to be in America. We were kidnapped and brought here against our will from Africa. We didnt land on Plymouth Rock that rock landed on us.  [55]  As Cone asserts, All Americans owe Malcolm a great debt. He was not a racist, as many misguided observers have claimed. He was an uncompromising truth-teller whose love for his people empowered him to respect all human beings. I am for truth, he said, no matter who tells it. I am for justice no matter who is for or against it. I am a human being first and foremost, and as such I am for whoever and whatever benefits humanity as a whole.  [56]   Today Malcolm exists within the consciousness of most African Americans, even though some might not even know. Malcolm X was the American prototype of this developing consciousness  [57]  . Although it is mainly the young who see Malcolm as such an icon, as Davis and Davenport noted, it is necessary to examine more carefully what Malcolm X represents to different age groups among African Americans. To younger African Americans, Malcolm X is attractive in part because he was attractive to a younger generation when he was alive. To young African American adults, the rediscovery of Malcolm X represents the articulation of their anger, impatience, and discontent with mainstream culture. Identifying with the violence and hatred associated with Malcolm X becomes an expression of their own defiance and as well as their own toughness. Conversely, to older individuals, Malcolm X is not a rediscovery. For African Americans who experienced the civil rights movement, he represents the violen t and revolutionary antithesis to Martin Luther King and his creed of nonviolence and passivity  [58]  . Although, when compared to MLK, MLK did not give African Americans their identity, heritage and prideà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦it was Malcolm. Therefore as Horne convincingly notes, He is an integral part of the scaffolding that supports a contemporary African-American identity. His fascination with music and dance and nightclubs undergirded his bond with blacks. A significant development that is accelerating in Afro-America in the post-war era is cool or hip philosophy. It involves a manner, language, a mode of dress, and more  [59]  . Therefore, today, Malcolm exists within the consciousnesses of African Americans. The New York Post wrote after Malcolms assassination, even his sharpest critics recognized his brilliance-often wild, unpredictable and eccentric, but nevertheless possessing promise that must now remain unrealized.  [60]  This statement could not have been more wrong. With the advantage of hindsight, this essay has demonstrated that it is clear that Malcolm X transformed the consciousness of African Americans and that no area of the African-American community escaped Malcolms influence. Malcolm awaked Black America, and gave them their confidence to do what then was thought of as impossible. Although Malcolms ideology was never persistent, this in turn helped him to appeal to a much larger audience. As Cone asserts, Although dead for nearly 27 years, Malcolms influence in the African-American community is much greater today than during his lifetime  [61]  . Malcolms representation through the media, support his legacy and bring it to the attentions of the young African Ameri cans today and for the future generations of African Americans. Not only did Malcolm X impact African Americans but he also impacted Africans all over the world. Wherever Black people gather to talk about their struggle for justice, the ghost of Malcolms presence is there, reminding them of the strengths and weaknesses of their past and present efforts. The more Black people reflect on the meaning of Malc

The Innumerable Benefits to Home Schooling Essay -- Home-School Educat

The Innumerable Benefits to Home Schooling In his book The Right Choice – Home Schooling, Chris Klicka argues that â€Å"Sending our children to the public school †¦ is tantamount to sending our children to be trained by the enemy† (Crank 25). Though his words may be considered harsh by some parents, many Americans agree with him and feel that public school is only endangering their children; home schooling is the modern day alternative that many mothers and fathers have chosen to turn to. Those who feel that the world of the public school is detrimental to their children’s growth and health are not alone; they share the beliefs of many parents who feel that home schooling has many benefits and advantages that public schools cannot offer to students today. Among complaints about public schools is that they are anti-religion. Advocates for home schooling say that children cannot be brought up in a religious atmosphere at home and then be sent to school where it is challenged or ridiculed. This would be very difficult for a child, especially because it can be difficult for adults at times. Former President of Yale University, Timothy Dwight, even stated, â€Å"to commit our children to the care of irreligious persons is to commit lambs to the superintendency of wolves† (Crank). There are two primary ways in which schools are classified as anti-religion. Schools may directly attack a religion by supplying its students with books of history and literature. In historical references, there is little about the positive effects of religion and in literature, it can be attacked very subtly, while other books convey its evil side. Schools are often also considered anti-religious is because they can completely ignore religion, which ... ...m/campaign/815/c3teachers.html Christian Home Educators of Florida. (2003). Retrieved November 19, 2003. from http://www.christianhomeeducatorsofflorida.com/faq.htm Crank, D. (2002, Dec. ). Why are you home schooling?. Unless The Lord ... Magazine. Retrieved Nov. 23, 2003, from http://www.unlessthelordmagazine.com/articles/Why%20Homescho oling.htm Curry, Lorraine. (1997). Homeschool World: Combining Work and Homeschool. Retrieved November 23, 2003. from http://www.home-school.com/Articles/phs18-lorrianecurry.html Donaldson, K. Pros. Retrieved Nov. 19, 2003, from Bowling Green State University: http://www.bgsu.edu/colleges/edhd/LPS/EDFI/SampleWebs/Fall02/26/pros.htm Lechtreck, Roy. (1994, January). The Case for Homeschooling. Retrieved November 19, 2003 www.libertyhaven.com/politicsandcurrentevents/educationhomeschoolingorchildren/ casehomescho.shtml

Fly Away Peter Analysis Essay

Through out the book â€Å"Fly Away Peter†, Jim Saddler has grown from innocent to mature and even to death. This seems like a cycle of nature. People born and people die. In this novel, I think the novel is trying to convey the idea of regeneration than how Jim changed throughout the story. Regeneration is an important theme of Malouf’s Fly Away Peter. According to the novel everything regenerates, and not only in the physical sense, but also in the spiritual sense too. The term regenerate means to bring back again or bring out something new in our awareness of life. Its occurrence can be seen throughout the book and it includes the digging by the old man, the digging by Jim at the end of the novel, the fact birds come and go with old ones replaced by new ones and how Jim’s spirit lives on as the young surfer in the eyes of Miss Harcourt. They are all regenerations that are part of the cycle of life. Earth is associated with the cycle of life as it is a sign of birth, where lives stem from. Soil has always been where the life starts, this can been seen in the novel, â€Å"It (earth) was a smell that belonged to the beginning of things (life).† It is clear that soil is where life stems from; it is where plants receive their nutrients in order for new life and this is why the old man is digging, he is digging to plant new lives. Even though there is a war going on around him, he still prepares the field for the seeds, because he understands that live still goes on in all circumstances. It is through the plants from the seeds can new lives stem out of the ground and it is all part of the regenerations. The discovery of the mammoth â€Å"was a great wonder† and a rebirth of knowledge, it uncovers the past and puts new meanings and knowledge in our life as we learn about the past. Therefore, soil not only regenerates physically with new lives but also new understandings of life. Birds play an important role in the book as a sign of life. Birds have always been associated with life and freedom just like what the novel suggests â€Å"Birds were of life†. Every year they migrate to different places, yet it is not the same birds that come and go every year. The old birds get replaced  by young birds and it is all part of the cycle of life. Also, like the old man digging, they carry on with their life unaffected by the war; this can be seen from the quote â€Å"Even here, in the thick of the fighting, there were birds.† It is apparent that despites the chaos, death and horrors happening down below, the birds can still regenerate and live the way nature intended them to. Through the young surfer, there is a sense of the rebirth of Jim spiritually in Imogen’s mind. The young surfer at the end of the novel is essentially the â€Å"new† Jim for Imogen, although they are not the same person, it is as if Jim has dug through the earth to come back as the young surfer. Imogen recognises this, and understands that no matter what happens life goes on like the way waves never stop. Both of them never ending and Imogen realises that there is other people in the world that will have the image of Jim. Regeneration is an important theme of the novel, all things in life regenerates, from the birds to our minds, from the earths to the oceans, it occurs at every level of the world. With regeneration, it also brings us new meanings of life and increases our knowledge and awareness of our surroundings; therefore regeneration is essential to our life.

The impact of misrepresentation, mistake, duress and undue influence on the validity of a contract. The WritePass Journal

The impact of misrepresentation, mistake, duress and undue influence on the validity of a contract. Introduction The impact of misrepresentation, mistake, duress and undue influence on the validity of a contract. ] EWCA Civ 525 it was held that the veil will be pierced when there is â€Å"evidence of fraud, illegality or a sham or if the company is a mere faà §ade concealing the true facts† (sections 213-215 of the Insolvency Act 1986, section 993 of the Companies Act 2006 and section 15 of the Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986). It has nonetheless, been said that much difficulty arises with these exceptions as â€Å"veil piecing is not an end in itself but a means to an end† (Talbot, 2007: 29). Piercing the Corporate Veil Unless the circumstances of the case give rise to fraud or a pre-existing obligation, however, the courts will be unlikely to pierce the veil in its entirety; Pirelli Cable Holding NV v IRC [2006] UKHL 4. Arguably, the courts will â€Å"go to great lengths to avoid any obvious penetration of the corporate veil, whilst still making the sort of inquiries that would be satisfied by just such a process† (Watcher, 2007: 157). This ensures that doctrine is not being completely undermined, whilst at the same time providing protection to the public; Millam v Print Factory (London) 1991 Ltd [2007] EWCA Civ 322. Given the confusion that this may cause, it is integral that the veil is only lifted in exceptional circumstances (French, Mason and Ryan, 2011; 124). This is because individuals will otherwise be discouraged from investing in companies (Ghaiwal, 2012: 3). Therefore, the courts should only be able to â€Å"draw back the corporate veil to do justice when common sense and reality demand it† as in Conway v Ratiu [2006] 1 All ER 571. Conclusion Although it would seem as though the doctrine of separate legal personality is being undermined by the existence of exceptions, it is important that these remain intact in order to protect the public from abuse. Hence, there needs to be a balance between the interests of the public and the interests of a company and its members. Whether this balance is currently being attained is arguable, though the courts will go to great lengths to determine each case on its own facts in order to maintain fairness. Thus, it is important that the veil of incorporation does not protect those individuals found to have been acting in an unlawful manner. At the same time, however, the integrity of the veil should also be preserved so that a company’s members are not being found personally liable when the company is genuinely suffering. References Adkinsion, R., (2008) Under the Influence? New Law Journal, Issue 7341. Beatson, J., (1991) The Use and Abuse of Unjust Enrichment: Essays on the Law of Restitution, Oxford University Press. Birks, P. (2004)Undue Influence as Wrongful Exploitation, Law Quarterly Review, 120 LQR 34. Davies, P. (2010) Introduction to Company Law, 2nd Edition, OUP Oxford. Fafinski S., and Finch, E., (2009) Law Express: Contract Law. Longman. 2nd Edition. Ghaiwal, S. (2012) ‘Chandler v Cape plc: Is there a chink in the corporate veil?’, Health and Safety at Work Newsletter, vol 18, no 3. Gulati, B., (2011) Intention to Create Legal Relations: A Contractual Relationship Necessity ot an Illusory Concept, Beijing Law Review 2, Scientific Research. French, D. (2011) Company Law, 28th Edition, OUP Oxford. Hopt, K. L. (2001) ‘Company Groups in Transition Economies: A Case for Regulatory Intervention?’, European Business Organisation Law Review, vol. 2, no. 1. McKendrick, E., (2011) Contract Law. Palgrave MacMillan. 9th Edition. Poole, J., (2006). Casebook on Contract Law, 8th Edition, OUP Oxford. Saha, T. K., (2010) Textbook on Legal Methods, Legal Systems Research, Universal Law Publishing. Smith, S. A., (1997) Contracting Under Pressure: A Theory of Duress, 56 Cambridge Law Journal 2. Talbot, L. (2007) Critical Company Law, Routledge. Walden-Smith, K., (2005) Protecting the Vulnerable – The Court of Appeal’s Decision in Macklin v Dowsett, Stone Buildings News, Available [Online] at: 5sblaw.com/images/file/5SB_Newsletter_4.pdf Watcher, V. V. (2007) The Corporate Veil, New Law Journal, vol. 990, no. 7218. Wildman, E., (2009) Setting aside a contract for mistake, The In-House Lawyer, Available online at: inhouselawyer.co.uk/index.php/contract/6101-setting-aside-a-contract-for-a-mistake

Ethics in Frankenstein and Brave New World essays

Ethics in Frankenstein and Brave New World essays Ethics in "Frankenstein" and "Brave New World" For most of human history, the ethical considerations of scientific inquiry would have been a moot point. Outside of the Bible and mythology, there was no thought of creating life from inert matter because scientists would not have felt it was possible to do so. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, however, in the wake of landmark discoveries in the fields of chemistry, biology, and genetics, the possibility of scientific tampering with the human body and mind broached the ethical question of whether or not humankind would actually benefit, in the long run, from such a move. This dilemma is explored in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and Aldous Huxley's Brave New World. Mary Shelley wrote in a period when the "hard sciences" were still considered a branch of philosophy, but were rapidly developing into a discipline of their own, with new discoveries occurring at a rate that foreshadows the explosion of knowledge of our own day. Yet in Frankenstein Mary Shelley shows her concern that scientific exploration was exceeding its ethical boundaries; her novel is a blatant warning about the results of playing God, exemplified by the act of creating a human being without a woman. Mary was very cautionary about science, particularly in terms of the ethical ramifications of scientific experimentation. She granted that while scientists had granted man seemingly Promethean powers, they had not dealt with the moral and ethical responsibilities generated by these powers, as the Being himself points out. "Oh Frankenstein," the Being implores, "be not equitable to every other and trample upon me alone, to whom thy justice, and even thy clemency and affection, is most due. Remember that I am thy creature; I ought to be thy Adam, but I am rather the fallen angel, whom thou drivest from joy for no misdeed" . This, Mary warns, is the true danger of the unimpeded rush toward scientific progress; th...

Forensic Psychology and Criminal Investigation Essay - 6

Forensic Psychology and Criminal Investigation - Essay Example Research indicates that people with low IQ when subjected to environmental factors tend to be at greater risk of behavioural problems than people with normal IQ (Jones, 2007). When dealing with people experiencing learning or developmental disorders, it must be kept in mind that their relation of events and causes may be either exaggerated or underreported given their psychological limitations. Similarly, such people may also withhold information from the investigative process feeling that this information may be irrelevant (Gillberg, 2002). On the other hand, there is also the chance that people with learning and developmental disorders may not be good at communication due to their minimal socialisation which would limit their effective communication through the investigative process. Other people with learning and developmental disorders may be easily pressured into producing false testimonies (Murphy, 2003). Such people may provide false accounts since they do not possess adequate coping mechanisms and so the simplest way to deflect the stress of an investigation would be to produce a false testimony. Consequently, the investigative process may be derailed or misled based on the testimony of an individual suffering from learning or developmental disorders (Young, 2005). Asperger’s syndrome (AS) has positively been identified in the case of offenders to cause problems such as egocentrism, low empathy and impulsivity leading to hurdles in the investigative process (Murphy, 2007). In a similar manner other disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) are known to cause problems in the investigative process due to difficult social relations, substance abuse, obsessive behaviours etc. on the part of the person being investigated (Gudjonsson, 2003). Another allied problem is the change in facial expressions in the case of individuals suffering

Should We Cry for Argentina Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Should We Cry for Argentina - Case Study Example The peso had initially been pegged to the dollar to increase the popularity of the domestic currency following a hyperinflation that had led to demand of payments in dollars back in the 1990s. Local companies blamed their defaults on new requirements that all money sent abroad had to have the central bank’s authorization, a process that proved to be too slow. Increased taxes on exporters and cash-rich firms, and inability to obtain money to pay foreign suppliers intensified the local companies’ struggles. International companies faced rising debts and losses from their Argentine operations as the peso continued its decline. Aerolineas Argentinas, an Argentine airline company, was forced to cancel all of its international flights due to the economical crisis that saw it barely escape bankruptcy in 2002. The rising inflation resulted in a significant increase in commodity prices thus making lives of ordinary difficult. People opted to spend on much cheaper goods than before. It is however reported that the inflation prompted the Argentines to spend rather than save and see their money depreciate in value (Agren). Rates of unemployment soared and poverty ensued too and by the 2012 purchasing power was at an all time