Environmental Engineering Management †Free Samples for Students

Questions: Do heavy metals constitute deficiency of inorganic chemical hazards? Do soils become exposed to heavy metals through expansion of industries? Do heavy metals endangers both human and ecosystem? Answers: Introduction Heavy metals finds its way into the soils through the expanding industrial sector and urbanization. This metals come into contact directly into the soil by direct of disposal into the water bodies which are used directly to irrigate farms by farmers. Agricultural activities such as fertilizer application is becoming rampant and this has increase greatly the deposition of heavy metals. Heavy metals compose deficient chemicals and those may include lead, zinc, copper and cadmium and soil is the major deposition of this metals and their presence in the soil is persistent and takes a long time after they have been deposited to the soil and these may threaten living things majorly management beings and the ecosystem at large through direct contact, feeding on affected plants and even by feeding on other animals. Discussion Soils polluted by heavy metals Soils that are contaminated by these metals exhibit numerous characteristics that hinders plant growth. Some of the plants shows slow growth and reduced yield. Effects of heavy metals on plant growth Despite the fact that plants require heavy metals for growth and maintenance, presence of large amounts of these metals can be harmful to plants. Some plants accumulate this metals in order to acquire those metals that are required in small quantities. Biological Control Biological is control is the use of living things for the to remedy heavy metals pollution in the soil. This control is naturally accepted in that it occur naturally where plants and animals that feeds or require this metals are introduced. Research questions are important because they guide the researcher to avoid wandering away from the subject of study. Thus ensure proper focus on the area of study the researcher is concern about. Research questions act as boundaries in the study and does not allow the researcher to move out of the study area. Related Work Research Design The study was carried out under the cross section design procedure, a form of research method that would involves observation of the whole or a representative subset, at a given time. The purpose of cross section survey design was to find out the factors that contribute to accumulation of heavy metals and metalloid. Strengths is that the researcher becomes part of the study and take part physically in the research and clearly observe. Its limitations is that it is costly to the researcher alone may not meet the cost. Descriptive design Financial played a great role in this research. Descriptive data because of tabulation becomes appeal to those who are concern about the research while putting the data into graphs allow comparison of data. One limitation is that it is tiresome especially drawing of graphs and tabulating data. It is also time consuming because the research has to compare different data from different sources and thus have to look at the literature from journals and pe riodicals. Design Cross Section Research Design It is a research tool used to put together data which are collected at a specific point in time. Cross sectional design helps in removing assumptions and putting into actual data collected in a specific point in time accounted for in a cross-sectional study. Cross-sectional research provides useful data that informs all kinds of tasks to be undertaken. Cross-sectional research design has several advantages and also some of limitations. Advantages Does not require a lot of time and with less cost to perform It is a tool to prove assumptions or disapprove Gathers for a particular time Results are used in other research work Disadvantages May face some challenges in putting together the sampling pool Results can be skewed in case of conflict with the funding sources Does not help to determine cause and effect Experimental Design Experimental designs is a procedure that enable the researcher to test his hypothesis by reaching valid conclusions and involves conception framework where the research is conducted while correlational research is quantitative method where two variables and trying to determine their relationship. Correlational Design This is the study of the relationship between two variables that happens because another one has also happen. A good example is that of rise in the cost of fuel may cause a rise in the cost of foodstuff. This two variables are correlated in that an increase in the cost of one leads to an increase in the cost of the other this called positive correlation. Negative correlation is where an increase in the cost of one commodity leads to a decrease in the cost of the other. This research design is useful in the fact that it can be able to compare the two variables and show their relationship clearly. Some of the advantages include; easy comparison of data, clearly shows the relationships between the two variables and patterns are drawn from the conclusion of the study design. One limitation is it does not gather for independent variables which shows no relationships with the other. Ethnography is the systematic study of individual people and their cultures, this design allow the researcher to explore cultural behaviors and completely depicts or study the society from the point of view of the study. The researcher then represent the data graphically and through writing the norms and beliefs of that specific society of study. Cross-sectional research design helps in removing assumptions and putting into actual data and provides all kind of data that informs all kinds of tasks to be undertaken. Selection of research design depended on the type of data required by the researcher and the set-up of the society of study which require close contact with specific samples of study. Also data from cross-sectional research design can be used in the study of other research yet to be carried out. Ethical Issues Some ethical issues associated with the research is that the community of study may have norms in which they are not supposed to exposed to the researcher since it may be a taboo. There are also beliefs in different culture which may hinder the researcher from going deep into some specific details. Individuals from the area of study may not be willing to participate or fear the researcher thinking it may be betrayal to their society. This can be avoided by involving people from that ethnic community to be part of the study so they can be able to mentor the rest in their community. GROUP EFFECT ON PERFOMANCE P. VALUE A VS B 5.12 0.235 A VS C 2.35 0.002 B VS C 3.75 2.350 Analysis This is the relationships between two variables that is the effect on performance and the present value. The table above shows the relationship between groups A, B and C which are correlated. This shows that an increase in one variable leads to either positive or negative correlation i.e. an increase in variable A leads to decrease in either variable B and C Conclusion Plants that are found in heavily polluted areas exhibit slow growth and even the yield is low. The best control measure for heavy metals is biological control where plants and living thing which utilize this metals are used to extract this heavy metal deposition from the soil. This is considered the most efficient method since its control is beneficial to other living things and there is no other pollution to the environment may be through food chain References H. C. Shekar, D. Sammaiah, T. Shasthree, and K. J. Reddy, Effect of mercury on tomato growth and yield attributes, International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. B358B364, 2011. Arya and B. K. 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